Titer (quantity) of Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies (A / B abs)
General information:
Titer (quantity) of antierythrocyte antibodies free in the serum.
If there is a positive screening for free antierythrocyte antibodies in the serum, it is recommended to determine their specificity and titer.
Specificity- indicates to which specific erythrocyte antigens the antibodies are directed.
The titer - gives information about the amount of antibodies in the serum/plasma.
Changes in the titer of:
- the natural anti-A and anti-B antibodies and formation of immune in ABO incompatibility mother/fetus
- anti-D in Rh(D) mother/fetus incompatibility
- as well as other clinically significant antierythrocyte antibodies are an important prognostic indicator of expected Hemolytic disease of the newborn during pregnancy.
Antibody titer is also examined in other patients with proven clinically significant antibodies:
- in patients with alloimmunization who underwent multiple hemotransfusions and as a result formed anti-erythrocyte antibodies to foreign erythrocyte antigens, the titer of the specific clinically significant antibody is examined.
- in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, the titer of autoerythroantibodies is examined.
- in patients with an allogeneic transplant from an HLA-compatible, ABO-incompatible donor, the titer of anti-A and anti-B antibodies is examined.
Titration is a semi-quantitative method for determining the concentration of antibodies. Antibody activity is determined in a series of serial two-fold dilutions of serum or plasma.
The examination is performed after a positive screening for anti-erythrocyte antibodies, in which the following are proven:
- free in the serum autoerythroantibodies (directed against antigens of the own erythrocytes) in autoimmune hemolytic anemias and other autoimmune diseases;
- alloerythroantibodies (directed against antigens of foreign erythrocytes) during alloimmunization as a result of a previous antigenic stimulus - pregnancy, abortion, blood transfusion, etc.;
Sample required:
Venous blood
Key words:
Titer of Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies