Insulin – ab; IAA
49.00 BGN
General information:
A validated immunological marker in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus alongside antibodies to the 65kD isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD 65Ab) and antibodies to tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2Ab) Autoantibodies against Langerhans beta cells (so-called autoantigens) appear before the clinical manifestation of diabetes. In childhood, they have a high concentration and are a predictor of the risk of type 1 diabetes. It is recommended to determine them during diagnosis and appointment of insulin treatment. The risk of developing immune-mediated Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus appears to be higher than previously thought. The concept that Type 1 DM is only a disease of childhood and adolescence is incorrect. Type 1 diabetes can occur at any age! Due to the slower destruction of beta cells in adults compared to the child-adolescent form of Type 1 DM, patients with latent autoimmune insulinitis are "masked". Because of this "deceptive appearance" (age >35 years in the absence of ketogenic hyperglycemia and ketonuria), they often fall into the heterogeneous group of Type 2 DM. About 10-15% of patients diagnosed with "typical" Type 2 DM have LADA (latent autoimmune diabetes in adults). Disrupted glucose homeostasis in them can appear without serious clinical symptoms, in patients with different body weights (obesity does not rule out the presence of autoimmune insulinitis) and with a preserved beta-cell reserve (detectable levels of C-peptide in the plasma). Without performing serological tests to detect autoimmune markers, LADA is incorrectly classified as “typical” early-onset Type 2 diabetes (predominant insulin secretory defect without/or minimal insulin resistance). As a result, despite persistent poor glycemic control, treatment with exogenous insulin is unnecessarily prolonged for months or even years, unduly increasing the risk of LADA patients for micro- and macrovascular complications.
Sample required:
Venous blood
Key words:
Insulin-ab, IAA